Participatory Design Reading List

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If you want to read more about Participatory Design, here is an incomplete list of references on the subject. Have fun!


  1. Albert, M. and R. Hahnel (1991). Looking Forward: Participatory Economics for the Twenty First Century. Boston, MA, South End Press.
  2. Allen, C. (1993). Reciprocal Evolution as a Strategy for Integrating Basic Research, Design, and Studies of Work Practice. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 239-253.
  3. AML (1977). Law of Workers' Protection and Working Environment (Lov om arbeidervern og arbeidsmiljø), Arbeidsmiljøloven, Oslo.
  4. Andersen, K. V. and K. L. Kraemer (1994). "Information technology and transitions in the public service: A comparision of Scandinavia and the United States." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 6(1): 3-24.
  5. Andersen, N. E., F. Kensing, et al. (1990). Professional Systems Development: Experience, ideas and action. New York, Prentice Hall.
  6. Andersen, P. B. and B. Holmqvist (1991). Language, Perspectives, and Design. Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems. J. Greenbaum and M. Kyng. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 91-119.
  7. Anderson, W. L. and W. T. Crocca (1992). Experiences in reflective engineering practice: Co-development of product prototypes. Participatory Design Conference (PDC'92), Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, P.O. Box 717, Palo Alto, CA 94302-0717.
  8. Asaro, P. M. (1996). Transforming Society by Transforming Technology: The Science and Politics of Participatory Design. Urbana, University of Illinois Press.
  9. Bailey, R. W. (1983). Human Error in Computer Systems. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall.
  10. Balka, E. (1997). "Participatory Design in Women's Organizations: The Social World of Organizational Structure and Gendered Nature of Expertise." Gender, Work and Organizations 4(2 (April)): 99-115.
  11. Bannon, L. and S. Bødker (1991). Beyond the interface: Encountering artifacts in use. Designing Interaction: Psychological theory at the human-computer interface. J. Carroll. New York, Cambridge University Press: 227-253.
  12. Bedriftsklubben ved A/S Hydraulik, B., O. T. Bergo, et al. (1974). Bedriftspolitisk handlingsprogram for bedriftsklubben ved A/S Hydraulik, Brattvåg (Operations political action program for the operations club at A/S Hydraulik, Brattvåg). Oslo, Norway, Tiden Norsk Forlag.
  13. Begg, V. (1985). Developing Expert Systems for CAD. New York, Unipub.
  14. Bell, D., O. Raiman, et al. (In preparation). Community learning and the individual: Valuing diversity of experience and reasoning styles in field service, Xerox PARC.
  15. Bell, D. G., D. G. Bobrow, et al. (1996). Dynamic Documents and Situated Processes: Building on local knowledge in field service. IPIC'96, The International Working Conference on Integration of Enterprise Information and Processes, "Rethinking Documents", Cambridge, MA.
  16. Bennett, J., K. Holtzblatt, et al. (1990). Usability Engineering: Using Contextual Inquiry. CHI'90, Seattle, WA, ACM.
  17. Bentley, R., J. A. Hughes, et al. (1992). Ethnographically-informed systems design for air traffic control. CSCW'92, Toronto, Ontario, ACM.
  18. Bergo, O. T. and K. Nygaard (1974). Planlegging, styring og databehandling: Grunnbok for fagbevegelsen, Del 1 Innføring (Planning, control and data handling: Textbook for the trade unions, Part 1 Initiation). Oslo, Norway, Tiden Norsk Forlag.
  19. Beyer, H. and K. Holtzblatt (1997). Contextual Design: A Customer-Centered Approach to Systems Designs, Morgan Kaufman.
  20. Bishop, P. (1991). JSC Managment Information Systems. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  21. Bjerknes, G. (1991). "Dialectical reflection in information systems development." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 3: 55-77.
  22. Bjerknes, G. and T. Bratteteig (1987). Florence in Wonderland: System development with nurses. Computers and Democracy - A Scandinavian Challenge. G. Bjerknes, P. Ehn and M. Kyng. Aldershot, England, Avebury: 279-295.
  23. Bjerknes, G. and T. Bratteteig (1987). Perspectives on description tools and techniques in system development. System design for human development and productivity: Participation and beyond. P. Docherty, K. Fuchs-Kittowski, P. Kolm and L. Mathiassen. Amsterdam, North-Holland: 319-330.
  24. Bjerknes, G. and T. Bratteteig (1994). User participation: A strategy for work life democracy? PDC'94: Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference. R. Trigg, S. I. Anderson and E. Dykstra-Erickson. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility: 3-11.
  25. Bjerknes, G. and T. Bratteteig (1995). "User participation and democracy: A discussion of Scandinavian research on system development." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 7(1): 73-98.
  26. Bjerknes, G., T. Bratteteig, et al. (1991). "Evolution of finished computer systems: The dilemma of enhancement." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 3: 25-45.
  27. Bjerknes, G., P. Ehn, et al., Eds. (1987). Computers and Democracy - A Scandinavian Challenge. Aldershot, England, Avebury.
  28. Bjorn-Andersen, N. (1988). "Are "Human Factors" Human?" The Computer Journal 31: 386-390.
  29. Blomberg, J., J. Giacomi, et al. (1993). Ethnographic Field Methods and their Relation to Design. Participatory Design: Perspectives on Systems Design. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 123-154.
  30. Blomberg, J. and A. Henderson (1990). Reflections on Participatory Design: Lessons from the Trillium Experience. CHI '90 Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seattle, Washington, ACM.
  31. Blomberg, J., F. Kensing, et al., Eds. (1996). PDC'96: Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference. Palo Alto, CA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  32. Blomberg, J. and L. Suchman (1992). Field studies of work and co-design. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  33. Blomberg, J., L. Suchman, et al. (1994). Reflections on a Work-Oriented Design Project. Participatory Design Conference (PDC'94), Palo Alto, CA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, P.O. Box 717, Palo Alto, CA 94302-0717.
  34. Blomberg, J., L. Suchman, et al. (1996). "Reflections on a Work-Oriented Design Project." Human-Computer Interaction 11(3): 237-265.
  35. Blomberg, J., L. Suchman, et al. (1997). Back to Work: Renewing Old Agendas for Cooperative Design. Computers and Design in Context. M. Kyng and L. Mathiassen. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press: 267-287.
  36. Blomberg, J. L. (1990). Ethnographic Field Methods and their Relation to Design. PDC'90, Seattle, WA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  37. Blomberg, J. L. (1991). Improvising Techniques to Achieve Participatory Design Goals: Everyone's Challenge. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  38. Boal, A. (1992). Games for Actors and Non-Actors. London, Routledge.
  39. Bødker, K. and F. Kensing (1994). "Design in an organizational context: An experiment." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 6(1): 47-68.
  40. Bødker, S. (1991). Through the Interface – a Human Activity Approach to User Interface Design. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  41. Bødker, S. (1992). Technology as a Vehicle for Organisational Learning and Change, First Socio-Cultural Research Conference, Madrid, Computer Science Department, Aarhus University, Denmark.
  42. Bødker, S. (1993). Historical analysis and conflicting perspectives - contextualizing HCI. Proceedings of EWHCI '93, vol. I. L. Bass, J. Gornostaev and C. Unger: 132-142.
  43. Bødker, S. (1996). "Creating conditions for participation - Conflicts and resources in systems development." Human-Computer Interaction 11(3): 215-236.
  44. Bødker, S., E. Christiansen, et al. (1993). The AT-Project: Practical research in cooperative design, Computer Science Department, Aarhus University, Denmark.
  45. Bødker, S., P. Ehn, et al. (1987). A UTOPIAN Experience: On Design of Powerful Computer-Based Tools for Skilled Graphical Workers. Computers and Democracy - A Scandinavian Challenge. G. Bjerknes, P. Ehn and M. Kyng. Aldershot, England, Avebury: 251-278.
  46. Bødker, S., J. Greenbaum, et al. (1991). Setting the Stage for Design as Action. Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems. J. Greenbaum and M. Kyng. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  47. Bødker, S. and K. Grønbæk (1991). Design in Action: From Prototyping by Demonstration to Cooperative Prototyping. Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems. J. Greenbaum and M. Kyng. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 197-218.
  48. Bodker, S., K. Gronbaek, et al. (1990). Techniques for Cooperative Design. PDC'90, Seattle, WA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  49. Bødker, S., K. Grønbæk, et al. (1993). Cooperative design: Techniques and experiences from the Scandinavian scene. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 157-175.
  50. Bodker, S., J. L. Knudsen, et al. (1988). Computer support for cooperative design. CSCW'88, Portland, OR, ACM.
  51. Bødker, S. and P. Mogensen (forthcoming!). "Between possibilities and conditions: A two-level strategy for system development."? ???(???): ??-??
  52. Bonavoglia, A. (1991). Xerox Participatory Design Project. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  53. Bowker, G. C., S. L. Star, et al., Eds. (1997). Social Science, Technical Systems and Cooperative Work: Beyond the Great Divide. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  54. Braa, K. (1992). Influencing system quality by using decision diaries in prototyping projects. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  55. Braa, K. (1995). Beyond formal quality in information systems design. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Informatics. Oslo, University of Oslo.
  56. Brand, S. (1994). How Buildings Learn: What Happens After They're Built. New York, Viking.
  57. Bratteteig, T. (1994). NetWORKing: Participation and Power. NetWORKing: Connecting Workers In and Between Organizations, IFIP Transactions A-38. A. Clement, P. Kolm and I. Wagner. Amsterdam, North-Holland: 29-34.
  58. Brun-Cottan, F. and P. Wall (1995). "Using Video to Re-Present the User." Communications of the ACM 38(5): 61-71.
  59. Budde, R., K. Kuhlenkamp, et al., Eds. (1984). Approaches to Prototyping. Berlin, Springer-Verlag.
  60. Budde, R. and H. Züllighoven (1992). Software tools in a programming workshop. Software development and reality construction. C. Floyd, H. Züllighoven, R. Budde and R. Keil-Slawik. Berlin, Springer-Verlag: 252-268.
  61. Butler, B., K. Welker, et al. (1992). Inventing a New Kind of Lunch Kit: A case for collaborative research and design. Worthington, OH, Fitch Richardson-Smith.
  62. Carroll, J. M. (1996). "Encountering Others: Reciprocal Openings In Participatory Design And User-Centered Design." Human-Computer Interaction 11: 285-290.
  63. Carter, K. (1989). Two Conceptions of Designing. 12th IRIS, Aarhus, Denmark, Aarhus University.
  64. Carter, K. (1991). Participatory Design in a Commercial Environment. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  65. Carter, K. (1991). Participatory Design Work at Rank Xerox Cambridge EuroPARC. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  66. Checkland, P. (1984). Rethinking a Systems Approach. Rethinking the Process of Operational Research and Systems Analysis. R. Tomlinson and I. Kiss. Oxford, Pergamon.
  67. Cherkasky, T. D. (1995). "Human Costs of Expert Systems." IEEE Technology and Society 14(1 Spring): 10-20.
  68. Clanton, C., F. Iannella, et al. (1992). Film Craft in User Interface Design. CHI'92, Monterey, CA, ACM.
  69. Clausen, H. (1994). "Designing computer systems from a human perspective: The use of narratives." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 6(2): 43-58.
  70. Clement, A. (1990). Cooperative Support for Computer Work: A Social Perspective on the Empowering of End Users. CSCW'90, Los Angeles, CA, ACM.
  71. Cohill, A. (1989). The Human Factors Design Process in Software Development. Designing and Using Human-Computer Interfaces and Knowledge-Based Systems. G. Salvendy and M. J. Smith. Amsterdam, Elsevier.
  72. Cotton, J. L., D. A. Vollrath, et al. (1988). "Employee Participation: Diverse Forms and Different Outcomes." Academy of Management Review 13(1): 8-22.
  73. Crane, D. (1990). Workshop on Graphic Recording in Systems Design. PDC'90, Seattle, WA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  74. Crane, D. (1991). Changing the "Demand" for Participatory Design. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  75. Curtis, G. and L. Vertelney (1990). Storyboards and Sketch Prototypes for Rapid Interface Visualisation. CHI'90, Seattle, WA, ACM.
  76. Dahlbom, B. and L. Mathiassen (1993). Computers in Context: The Philosophy and Practice of Systems Design. Oxford, Blackwell.
  77. Dahlbom, B. and L. Mathiassen (1997). "The future of our profession." Communications of the ACM 40(6): 80-89.
  78. Dankbaar, B. and R. v. Tulder (1992). The influence of users in standardization:
  79. Dasgupta, S. (1996). "A Decision Support System for Architects Based on Participatory Tools for Community Design." Environment and Urbanization 8(October): 201-212.
  80. De Cindio, F. and C. Simone (1989). A framework for understanding (women's) work and its computerization. Women, Work, and Computerization: Forming New Alliances. K. Tijdens, M. Jennings, I. Wagner and M. Weggelaar. Amsterdam, North-Holland.
  81. Deshler, D. and M. Ewert (???!). "Participatory Action Research: Traditions and major assumptions."? ???(???).
  82. Doorewaard, H., J. Greenbaum, et al. (1992). Flexible and adaptable use of computer based systems. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  83. Dray, S. (1991). A Sampling of Participatory Strategies at IDS Financial Services. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  84. Dray, S. M. (1992). Understanding and supporting successful group work in software design: Lessons from IDS. CSCW'92, Toronto, Ontario, ACM.
  85. Druin, A. and C. Solomon (1996). Designing Multimedia Environemnts for Children. New York, John Wiley & Sons.
  86. Dykstra, E. A. (1991). Group Design For and In Shared Workspaces. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  87. Dykstra, E. A. (1991). Practical Requirements for Participatory Design. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  88. Dykstra, E. A. and R. Carasik (1990). "Structure and Support in Cooperative Environments: The Amsterdam Conversation Environment." International Journal of Man Machine Studies 34(3): 419-434.
  89. Ehn, P. (1988). Playing the Language-Games of Design and Use -- On Skill and Paticipation. Conference on Office Information Systems, Palo Alto, CA, ACM.
  90. Ehn, P. (1989). Work-Oriented Design of Computer Artifacts. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  91. Ehn, P. (1990). Statement for Participatory Design of Computer Systems (Panel). CHI'90, Seattle, WA, ACM.
  92. Ehn, P. (1990). Strategies and Tools for Participatory Design. PDC'90, Seattle, WA, Computer Professional for Social Responcibility.
  93. Ehn, P. (1993). Scandinavian design: On participation and skill. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 41-77.
  94. Ehn, P. and M. Kyng (1987). The Collective Resource Approach to Systems Design. Computers and Democracy: A Scandinavian Challenge. G. Bjerknes, P. Ehn and M. Kyng. Brookfield, VT, Gower: 17-58.
  95. Ehn, P. and M. Kyng (1991). Cardboard computers: Mocking-it-up or hands-on the future. Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems. J. Greenbaum and M. Kyng. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  96. Ehn, P., D. Molleryd, et al. (1989). Playing in reality. 12th IRIS, Aarhus, Denmark, Aarhus University.
  97. Ehn, P. and D. Sjogren (1991). From System Descriptions to Scripts for Action. Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems. J. Greenbaum and M. Kyng. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  98. Emery, M., Ed. (1993). Participative Design for Participative Democracy. Canberra, Australia, Centre for Continuing Education, The Australian National University, G.P.O. Box 4, Canberra, Australia 2601.
  99. Emspak, F. (1993). Workers, unions, and new technology. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 13-26.
  100. Engelstad, P. H. (1995). The development organization as communicative instrumentation. Beyond theory: Changing organizations through participation. S. Toulmin, B. Gustavsen and J. Benjamins. Amsterdam, ??: ??-??
  101. Engeström, Y. (1992!). Interactive Expertise: Studies in Distributed Working Intelligence, Department of Education, Helsinki University.
  102. Engeström, Y., J. Virkkunen, et al. (1996). The Change Laboratory as a tool for transforming work. Lifelong Learning in Europe. 1996: 10-17.
  103. Euchner, J. and P. Sachs (1992). "Intentional Tension": Work systems design as an approach to radical change. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  104. Floyd, C. (1987). Outline of a Paradigm Change in Software Engineering. Computers and Democracy. G. Bjerknes, P. Ehn and M. Kyng. Brookfield, VT, Gower.
  105. Floyd, C., W.-M. Mehl, et al. (1989). "Out of Scandinavia: Alternative Approaches to Software Design and System Development." Human-Computer Interaction 4(4): 253-350.
  106. Foray, D. (1995). Coalitions and Committees: How users get involved in information technology (IT) standards. Standards, Innovation and Competitiveness: The Politics and Economics of Standards in Natural and Technical Environments. R. Hawkins, R. Mansell and J. Skea, Edward Elgar.
  107. Friedman, B. (1997). "User autonomy: Who should control what and when?" SIGCHI Bulletin 30(1): 26-29.
  108. Fromherz, M. P. J. (In preparation). Collaborative, Mediated Technology Design and Development, Xerox PARC.
  109. Galliers, R. D. (1985). In Search of a Paradigm for Information Systems Research. Research Methods in Information Systems. E. Mumford. Amsterdam, Elsevier.
  110. Gärtner, J. and I. Wagner (1996). "Mapping Actors and Agendas: Political frameworks of systems design and participation." Human-Computer Interaction 11(3): 187-214.
  111. Good, M. (1992). Participatory design of a portable torque-feedback device. CHI'92, Monterey, CA, ACM.
  112. Good, M. (1992). Participatory design of a portable torque-feedback device. ACM Conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI'92), Monterey, CA, ACM Press.
  113. Goodin, R. E., Ed. (1996). The Theory of Institutional Design. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.
  114. Gould, J. D., S. J. Boies, et al. (1991). "Making usable, useful, productivity-enhancing computer applications." Communications of the ACM 34(1): 74-85.
  115. Greenbaum, J. (1988). In Search of Cooperation: An Historical Analysis of Work Organisation and Management Strategies. CSCW'88, Portland, OR, ACM.
  116. Greenbaum, J. (1993). A design of one's own: Towards Participatory Design in the United States. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 27-37.
  117. Greenbaum, J. and K. H. Halskov Madsen (1991). Small Changes. ECSCW'91.
  118. Greenbaum, J. and M. Kyng, Eds. (1991). Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  119. Greenbaum, J. and K. H. Madsen (1993). Small Changes: Starting a participatory design process by giving participants a voice. Participatory Design: Perspectives on Systems Design. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 289-298.
  120. Grønbæk, K. (1989). "Rapid Prototyping with Fourth Generation Systems: An empirical study." Office: Technology and People 5(2): 105-125.
  121. Grønbæk, K. (1991). Prototyping and active user involvement in system development: Towards a cooperative prototyping approach, Computer Science Department, Aarhus University, Denmark.
  122. Grønbæk, K., J. Grudin, et al. (1993). Achieving cooperative system design: Shifting from a product to a process focus. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 79-97.
  123. Grønbæk, K., M. Kyng, et al. (1993). "CSCW Challenges: Cooperative Design in Engineering Projects." Communications of the ACM 36(6): 67-77.
  124. Grønbæk, K. and R. H. Trigg (forthcoming). From web to workplace: Designing open hypermedia systems. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.
  125. Grudin, J. (1993). Obstacles to participatory design in large product development organizations. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 99-119.
  126. Gustavsen, B. (1995). Development and the social sciences - An uneasy relationship. Beyond theory: Changing organizations through participation. S. Toulmin, B. Gustavsen and J. Benjamins. Amsterdam, ??: ??-??
  127. Gustavsen, B. and B. A. Sørensen (1982). Aksjonsforskning (Action research). ?? ?? ??, ??: ??-??
  128. Hakken, D. (1993). "Computing and Social Change: New Technology and Workplace Transformation, 1980-90." Annual Review of Anthropology 22: 107-132.
  129. Hakken, D. (1994). "An American at IRIS." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 6(2): 81-84.
  130. Hakken, D. (1995). "Not by Curbcuts Alone: New Technology for People with Disabilities." Science as Culture 21: 502-34.
  131. Hakken, D. (1996). "The Cultural and Social Correlates of Advanced Information Technology: A Working List of Priority Research Issues." Social Science Computer Review 14(1): 39-43.
  132. Hakken, D. and B. Andrews (1993). Computing Myths, Class Realities: An Ethnography of Technology and Working People in Sheffield, England. Boulder, CO, Westview.
  133. Halskov Madsen, K. H. and P. Aiken (1992). Some experiences with cooperative interactive storyboard prototyping. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  134. Halskov Madsen, K. H. and J. Greenbaum (1991). Small changes. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  135. Harker, S. (1988). "The Use of Prototyping and Simulation in the Development of IT Large-Scale Applications." The Computer Journal 31: 420-425.
  136. Harker, S. (1991). The Role of User Participation in the Specification of an Expert System. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  137. Harker, S. and K. Eason (1992). Promoting user centered design. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  138. Henderson, A. and J. L. Blomberg (1991). Participatory Design in the Development of Trillium. CHI'91, New Orleans, LA, ACM.
  139. Henderson, A. and M. Kyng (1991). There's No Place Like Home: Continuing design in use. Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer System. J. Greenbaum and M. Kyng. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  140. Henderson, K. (1998). "The Role of Material Objects in the Design Process: A Comparison of Two Design Cultures and How They Contend with Automation." Science, Technology, & Human Values 23(2): 139-74.
  141. Holmqvist, B. (1989). "Work, Language and Perspective: An empirical investigation of the interpretation of a computer-based information system." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 1: 72-96.
  142. Holmqvist, B. and K. H. Madsen (1989). Initiative in Cooperative Design. 12th IRIS, Aarhus, Denmark, Aarhus University.
  143. Holtzblatt, K. and S. Jones (1993). Contextual Inquiry: A participatory technique for system design. Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. D. Schuler and A. Namioka. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 177-210.
  144. Howard, R. (1985). "Utopia: Where Workers Craft New Technology." Technology Review 88(3): 42-49.
  145. Hughes, J. A., D. Randall, et al. (1992). Faltering from ethnography to design. CSCW'92, Toronto, Ontario, ACM.
  146. Imada, A. S. (1991). The Rationale and Tools of Participatory Ergonomics. Participatory Ergonomics. K. Noro and A. S. Imada. London, Taylor and Francis.
  147. Imada, A. S. and K. Noro (1986). Participatory Ergonomics: Methods for Improving Individual and Organizational Effectiveness. Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management - II. O. Brown, Jr. and H. W. Hendrick. Amsterdam, Elsevier.
  148. Ito, M. (1996). "Theory, Method, And Design In Anthropologies Of The Internet." Social Science Computer Review 14(Spring): 24-26.
  149. Jakobs, K., R. Procter, et al. (1996). "Users and Standardization: Worlds Apart? The example of electronic mail." StandardView 4(4): 183-191.
  150. Johansen, R. and E. Baker (1984). "User Needs Workshops: A new approach to anticipating user needs for advanced office systems." Office: Technology and People 2: 103-119.
  151. Jorgensen, A. H. (1989). Using the Think-Aloud Method in System Development. Designing and Using Human Computer Interfaces and Knowledge-Based Systems. G. Salvendy and M. J. Smith. Amsterdam, Elsevier.
  152. Jorgensen, A. H. and A. Sauer (1990). The Personal Touch: A study of users' customization practice. Human-Computer Interaction: INTERACT'90. Amsterdam, Elsevier.
  153. Jorgenson, A. H. (1984). On the Psychology of Prototyping. Approaches to Prototyping. Budde, Kuhlenkamp, Mathiassen and Zullighoven. Berlin, Springer-Verlag.
  154. Jungk, R. and N. Mullert (1987). Future Workshops: How to Create Desirable Futures. London, Institute for Social Invention.
  155. Kaner, S., L. Lind, et al. (1996). Facilitator's Guide to Participatory Decision-Making. Berkeley, CA, New Society Publishers.
  156. Karasek, B. and T. Theorell (1990). Healthy Work: Stress, Productivity, and the Reconstruction of Working Life. New York, Basic Books.
  157. Katzenberg, B. and P. Piela (1992). Studying work language as an aid in evolutionary design processes: The naming problem. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  158. Kautz, K. (1992). Communication support for participatory design projects. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  159. Kautz, K. (1996). "User Participation And Participatory Design: Topics In Computing Education." Human-Computer Interaction 11: 267-284.
  160. Kautz, K. and T. McMaster (1994). "Introducing structured methods: An undelivered promise? A case study." Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems 6(2): 59-78.
  161. Keen, P. and L. A. Woodman (1984). "What to do with all those Macros." Harvard Business Review 84(5): 142-151.
  162. Kensing, F. (1987). Generation of Visions in Systems Development - A Supplement to the Toolbox. Systems Design for Human Development and Productivity: Participation and Beyond. P. e. a. Docherty. The Netherlands, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.: 285-301.
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    • Winner discusses the connections between politics and design woefully neglected in political and engineering thought. Using architecture and historical examples of political design he moves on to contemplate what a new realm of inquiry labeled political ergonomics might look like. There are a number of recent applications of such thinking cited, but the general impression is that designers and politicians are ignoring the full capability or limitations of their actions. The chapter/paper presents an interesting collections of existing barriers to such thinking about technologies as enabling instrumentalities, noting that technology often instead patterns social life in restrictive ways for less powerful socio-economic groups. Winner makes use of Hannah Arendt's distinction between labor, action, and work. He looks toward the importance of political attention to work as an attribute of lasting significance. He instructs that special importance must be taken in "the fashioning of all things built-to-last." The political ergonomicist must attempt to understand technology at the stage of design, taking note of the social contracts, physical environments, and different technical problems involved in the process. Further, this attempt in itself must be set within greater contexts of society and meaning. In closing, Winner notes that the most important obstacle to such a program, on top of the possible lack of organized political will and power, is a "widespread atrophy in the ability even to imagine what an alternative society and its technologies would look like."
  331. Winograd, T., J. Bennett, et al., Eds. (1996). Bringing Design to Software. Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley.
  332. Winograd, T. and F. Flores (1986). Understanding Computer and Cognition. Norwood, NJ, Ablex.
  333. Wixon, D., C. Pietras, et al. (1992). Field and quantitative methods in product design: A case study of an office system. PDC'92, Cambridge, MA, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.
  334. Wixon, D. R. and E. M. Comstock (1994). Evolution of usability at Digital Equipment Corporation. Usability in Practice: How companies develop user-friendly products. M. E. Wiklund. Cambridge, MA, Academic Press: 147-193.
  335. Wright, P. and A. Monk (1991). "A cost-effective evaluation method for use by designers." International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 35(6): 891-912.
  336. Wright, P., A. Monk, et al. (1989). Cooperative Evaluation: The York Manual. York, York University.
  337. Wynn, E. (1991). Taking Practice Seriously. Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems. J. Greenbaum and M. Kyng. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  338. Young, E. (1992). Participatory video prototyping. CHI'92, Monterey, CA, ACM.
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